Inflammatory responses are mediated by the immune system. Given that myocardial infarction and stroke can be caused by atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, we hypothesize that the immune system plays a key role in their bidirectional pathogenesis via heart-to-brain interaction. To overcome the current limitation in cardio-cerebrovascular disease-related research, we aim at finding a new paradigm to understand the pathogenesis of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. In addition, we aim to help develop new therapeutic strategies by elucidating the cellular function and molecular mechanism of the immune system that mediates the heart-brain bidirectional interaction network.